Goal Detection in Soccer Video: Role-Based Events Detection Approach

Soccer video processing and analysis to find critical events such as occurrences of goal event have been one of the important issues and topics of active researches in recent years. In this paper, a new role-based framework is proposed for goal event detection in which the semantic structure of soccer game is used. Usually after a goal scene, the audiences’ and reporters’ sound intensity is increased, ball is sent back to the center and the camera may: zoom on Player, show audiences’ delighting, repeat the goal scene or display a combination of them. Thus, the occurrence of goal event will be detectable by analysis of sequences of above roles. The proposed framework in this paper consists of four main procedures: 1- detection of game’s critical events by using audio channel, 2- detection of shot boundary and shots classification, 3- selection of candidate events according to the type of shot and existence of goalmouth in the shot, 4- detection of restarting the game from the center of the field. A new method for shot classification is also presented in this framework. Finally, by applying the proposed method it was shown that the goal events detection has a good accuracy and the percentage of detection failure is also very low.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i6.637

Pathogenesis of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a hematological malignant disease characterized by an enhanced self-renewal ability of precursor lymphoid cells whose cell division takes more time than their normal counterparts. ALL occurs most between 2 to 5 years of age and during the sixth decade of life. There is a strong relationship between the time ALL occurs in children and the genetic abnormalities which are identified by the rate of leukemic concordance between identical twins.About 90% of ALL cases do not have a clear etiological mechanism. Genetic syndromes, polymorphic variants genes, germline mutations, and some environmental factors are responsible for less than 10% of ALL predisposition but the pathogenesis mechanism of ALL is not identified precisely.Here we review the recent findings and earlier studies about the pathogenesis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and its incidence. This article also summarizes the identification of predictive factors for ALL and options available to predict disease recurrence

Silk: A Potential Medium for Tissue Engineering

Objective: Human skin is a complex bilayered organ that serves as a protective barrier against the environment. The loss of integrity of skin by traumatic experiences such as burns and ulcers may result in considerable disability or ultimately death. Therefore, in skin injuries, adequate dermal substitutes are among primary care targets, aimed at replacing the structural and functional properties of native skin. To date, there are very few single application tissue-engineered dermal constructs fulfilling this criterion. Silk produced by the domestic silkworm, Bombyx mori, has a long history of use in medicine. It has recently been increasingly investigated as a promising biomaterial for dermal constructs. Silk contains 2 fibrous proteins, sericin and fibroin. Each one exhibits unique mechanical and biological properties. Methods: Comprehensive review of randomized-controlled trials investigating current dermal constructs and the structures and properties of silk-based constructs on wound healing. Results: This review revealed that silk-fibroin is regarded as the most promising biomaterial, providing options for the construction of tissue-engineered skin. Conclusion: The research available indicates that silk fibroin is a suitable biomaterial scaffold for the provision of adequate dermal constructs

A novel index for damage detection of deck and dynamic behavior of horizontally curved bridges under moving load

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the responses of horizontally curved bridges that are affected by vehicles load. The effect of vehicles dynamic loads on bridges is influenced by factors such as geometric characteristics of structures and moving loads specifications. To consider the effect of dynamic loads in design of bridges, static load increases with a coefficient which is called “impact factor” in Design Codes. In this paper, by examining the effect of curvature of deck and the speed of vehicles which are passing along the bridge on the dynamic response of bridge, set of new equations for DAF is presented. For this purpose, dynamic analysis is performed for seven bridges with different radius of curvature under the influence of AASHTO truck. In the case study models, it can be seen that the separation of impact factor into two different coefficients; support reaction and displacement responses make bridge design more economical and safer. Reduction of the curvature radius decreases dynamic amplification factor (both coefficients). To identify the possible damages of the examined bridges in the early stages of the advent a new index is presented. This index can predict the damages due to moving vehicles

Alleviating adverse effects of salt stress in pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) by foliar spray of silicon and nano-silicon under greenhouse and field conditions

Purpose: In order to assay the impact of silicon (Si) and nano-Si on morphological and physiological traits of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) under salt stress conditions, an experiment was conducted under greenhouse and field conditions. Research Method: The experiment was based on a completely randomized design including two levels of saline water (1.1 (control) and 6.1 dS m-1) and three levels of foliar spray (0, 2.5 mM Si and nano-Si) with 4 replications. Findings: Salinity stress decreased the vegetative and flowering parameters of pot marigold in the both conditions. Supplemental Si and nano-Si increased the dry weight of flowers under salt stress in the greenhouse (47 and 71%) and field (86 and 94%) conditions, respectively. Foliar application of nano-Si enhanced the flower total phenols of salt-stressed plants by 76% (greenhouse) and 50% (field), respectively. Under saline conditions, the use of nano-Si increased the flower antioxidant activity in the field by 17% in comparison to the control. Supplemental Si and nano-Si could reduce the negative impacts of salinity through increasing enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, accumulating soluble sugars, improving water relations, and enhancing chlorophyll content. Research limitations: No limitations were found. Originality/value: Based on the results of present study, the use of Si and nano-Si improved the growth and physiological characteristics of pot marigold under saline conditions

The Effects of Transdermal Estrogen Delivery on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Meta-analysis

Abstract Due to its minimal systematic adverse effects, transdermal estrogen is widely used for the prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. The present meta-analysis aimed to clarify the effects of transdermal estrogen on bone mineral density (BMD) of postmenopausal women. Studies were identified by searching electronic databases including Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase , and CINAHL databases, and also the Sciences Citation Index. Systematic review of articles was published between January 1989 to February 2016.Reference lists of the included articles were also evaluated and consultations were made with relevant experts. While 132 studies included the desired keywords, only nine clinical trials met the inclusion criteria and were finally reviewed. The pooled percent change in BMD was statistically significant in favor of transdermal estrogen. According to resulting pooled estimate, lumbar spine BMD one and two years after transdermal estrogen therapy was respectively 3.4% (95% CI: 1.7-5.1) and 3.7% (95% CI: 1.7-5.7) higher than the baseline values. The test for heterogeneity was not statistically significant based on the I 2 heterogeneity index. One-two years of transdermal estrogen delivery can effectively increase BMD and protect the bone structure in postmenopausal women